Define scheduler in system software

Each entry in the queue is a point to a specific process. Long term scheduler is also known as a job scheduler. This scheduler regulates the program and select process from the queue and loads them into memory for execution. It also regulates the degree of multi-programing. Medium-term scheduling is an important part of swapping.

It enables you to handle the swapped out-processes. In order to remove the process from memory and make space for other processes, the suspended process should be moved to secondary storage. Short term scheduling is also known as CPU scheduler. In modern computers such as PCs with large amounts of processing power and other resources and with the ability to multitask by running multiple threads or pipelines at once, scheduling is no longer a big issue and most times processes and applications are given free reign with extra resources, but the scheduler is still hard at work managing requests.

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Decentralized Finance. Techopedia Terms. Connect with us. Sign up. Swapping may be necessary to improve the process mix. A context switch is the mechanism to store and restore the state or context of a CPU in Process Control block so that a process execution can be resumed from the same point at a later time. Using this technique, a context switcher enables multiple processes to share a single CPU. Context switching is an essential part of a multitasking operating system features.

When the scheduler switches the CPU from executing one process to execute another, the state from the current running process is stored into the process control block. After this, the state for the process to run next is loaded from its own PCB and used to set the PC, registers, etc.

At that point, the second process can start executing. Context switches are computationally intensive since register and memory state must be saved and restored. To avoid the amount of context switching time, some hardware systems employ two or more sets of processor registers. When the process is switched, the following information is stored for later use. Arnab Chakraborty. Frahaan Hussain. Harshit Srivastava. Ashraf Said. Operating System - Process Scheduling Advertisements. Useful Video Courses.

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